Experiment code 21.5.3.10
Experiment Title Comparative evaluation of different analytical methods for the quantitative analysis of micronutrients in honey
Research Type Departmental Research
Experiment Background Honey is a complex natural product valued for its nutritional and medicinal properties. It contains essential and trace elements that influence its quality, authenticity, and safety. Elemental analysis of honey is crucial for detecting beneficial minerals and potential contaminants that may originate from environmental pollution, soil composition, or processing methods. Various analytical techniques, such as Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) are employed to assess these elements. However, number of digestion techniques is commonly used for elemental analysis from honey samples viz. Wet digestion with diacid (HNO3:HCLO4), Diacid digestion after ashing at 550 0C, Wet digestion with HNO3 plus H2O2. Considering complex nature of honey matrix and practical feasibility in terms of cost, duration, ruggedness in analytical performance, there is need to identify most suitable digestion method and instrument technique to determine the elemental composition in honey. Therefore, the proposed study aims to find out the suitable digestion method along with instrumental technique to quantify elemental composition of honey. The information generated can be useful to determine the elemental composition of honey with higher degree of confidence and it could further be exploited for ensuring food safety, regulatory compliance in respect to honey.” Null Hypothesis (H0) There is no significant difference in the elemental composition of honey samples analyzed using different digestion techniques (Wet digestion with diacid, Diacid digestion after ashing at 550 °C, Wet digestion with HNO3 plus H2O2) when measured by ICP-OES and AAS. Alternative Hypothesis (H1) There is a significant difference in the elemental composition of honey samples analyzed using different digestion techniques (Wet digestion with diacid, Diacid digestion after ashing at 550 °C, Wet digestion with HNO3 plus H2O2) when measured by ICP-OES and AAS.
Experiment Group Forestry
Unit Type (02)EDUCATION UNIT
Unit (61)COLLEGE OF FORESTRY (NAU, NAVSARI)
Department (2362)FOREST PRODUCTS UTILIZATION, COF, NAU, NAVSARI
BudgetHead (352/18240/00)352/50/REG/04101
Objective

1. To standardize the quantitative analysis of micronutrients in honey with analytical methods using different digestion techniques

2. To assess the comparative efficiency of different analytical methods employed for determining micronutrients in honey

Season Not season specific
Location Unit Type (02)EDUCATION UNIT
Location Unit (61)COLLEGE OF FORESTRY (NAU, NAVSARI)
Location Department (2362)FOREST PRODUCTS UTILIZATION, COF, NAU, NAVSARI
Plot No NA
PI Name (NAU-EMP-2010-000869)DHIRAJI PADMAJI PATEL
PI Email dppatel@nau.in
PI Mobile 9429259249
Year of Approval 2025
Commencement Year 2025
Completion Year 2029
Design of Experiment

CRD and Descriptive statistics

Crop Spacing (cm x cm)

NA

Gross Plot (m x m) NA
Net Plot (m x m) NA
Total Experiment Area (m2) NA
Plot History Last Three Year

NA

Initial Soil Sample Analysis Report

NA

Initial Soil Sample Analysis Report Attachment Attachment Not Available!
Layout Plan

NA

Layout Plan Attachment Attachment Not Available!
Treatment

Factor (A): Digestion with acids

D1: Wet digestion with diacid (HNO3:HCLO4)

D2: Diacid digestion after ashing at 550 0C

D3: Wet digestion with HNO3 plus H2O2

Factor (B): Quantification with instruments 

M1: ICP-OES

M2: AAS

CRD and Descriptive statistics

REPLICATION

OBSERVATION TO BE RECORDED

1. Concentration of microelements (mg/kg):

Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni in accordance with treatment combinations

2.  Standardization of methods

(a) Specificity

(b) Linearity

(c) Accuracy (% recovery)

(d) LOD and LOQ

(e) Precision (% RSD)

3. Economic analysis

(a) Cost of analysis

(b) Time of analysis

 

Prior to analyze the honey samples, the analytical methods will be standardized (ICH, 2007) by determining linearity, LOD and LOQ, accuracy and precision.

After standardization, the honey samples will be subjected to different digestion and instrument techniques and most efficient methodology in terms of easiness, accuracy, cost and time will be adopted for real sample analysis.

Following points will be considered for performing the present experiment

  1. Honey will be collected from different sources viz., Apis mellifera, A. cerana and Tetragonula spp. (Stingless bee)
  2. Recovery study will be carried out at level X, 5X and 10X of LOQ
  3. Percent RSD of recovery at different fortification levels will be used to assess precision
  4. Specificity will be determined with spiked samples/ matrix blanks
  5. To determine the Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ), calibration curve approach will be used and calculating them based on the standard deviation of the response (σ) and the slope of the calibration curve (S) using the formulas: LOD = 3.3σ/S and LOQ = 10σ/S

Linearity will be assessed by preparing a series of calibration standards with known analyte concentrations, analyzing them, and plotting the results against the expected concentrations. Then, statistical analysis, such as linear regression will be performed to assess the relationship and determine if the method exhibits a linear response within the tested range. 

Treatment Attachment
(NAU-EMP-2010-000869) DHIRAJI PADMAJI PATEL dppatel@nau.in 9429259249 01-12-2025
Active
(NAU-EMP-2010-000956) ABHISHEK AMBASHANKAR MEHTA aamehta@nau.in 8128699081 01/12/2025
Active
(NAU-EMP-2013-000949) SHAILENDRASINH VIJAYSINH VIYOL sviyol@nau.in 9898842199 01/12/2025
Active
(NAU-EMP-2012-000333) SUSHEEL BRAJ MOHAN SINGH susheelsingh@nau.in 9998286581 01/12/2025
Active