Experiment code 21.2.3.49
Experiment Title Comparative assessment of soil metabolite signatures in organic and conventional farms
Research Type Departmental Research
Experiment Background Soil is a crucial ecosystem that supports plant growth, regulates water cycles, and maintains biodiversity, with its health shaped by land management practices. Organic and conventional farming systems differ significantly in their impact on soil health. Understanding the biochemical differences between these systems is vital for promoting sustainable agriculture. Organic farming emphasizes natural inputs and biodiversity, while conventional farming relies on synthetic fertilizers and monoculture, resulting in distinct soil compositions and microbial communities. Soil metabolites, small organic compounds produced by microorganisms and plants, are key to nutrient cycling and serve as indicators of soil health. Analyzing these metabolites can provide insights into soil fertility and biological activity. Although organic practices enhance soil organic matter and microbial diversity, their specific effects on soil metabolite profiles are not well understood. Therefore, a study is proposed to perform a comparative assessment of soil metabolite signatures using untargeted metabolomics to identify and differentiate the metabolic profiles of soils from organically and conventionally managed farming systems, aiming to reveal key metabolic differences that reflect distinct management practices
Experiment Group Natural Resource Management
Unit Type (02)EDUCATION UNIT
Unit (12)NAVINCHANDRA MAFATLAL COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE (NAVSARI)
Department (223)Food Quality Testing Laboratory Navsari
BudgetHead (303/12079/00)303/01/REG/04486
Objective

To compare soil metabolite profiles between organic and conventional farms using untargeted metabolomics

Season Not season specific
Location Unit Type (02)EDUCATION UNIT
Location Unit (12)NAVINCHANDRA MAFATLAL COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE (NAVSARI)
Location Department (223)Food Quality Testing Laboratory Navsari
Plot No Not applicable
PI Name (NAU-EMP-2012-000333)SUSHEEL BRAJ MOHAN SINGH
PI Email susheelsingh@nau.in
PI Mobile 9998286581
Year of Approval 2025
Commencement Year 2025
Completion Year 2027
Design of Experiment

survey type study

Crop Spacing (cm x cm)

Not Applicable

Gross Plot (m x m) Not Applicable
Net Plot (m x m) Not Applicable
Total Experiment Area (m2) Not Applicable
Plot History Last Three Year

Not Applicable

Initial Soil Sample Analysis Report

Not applicable

Initial Soil Sample Analysis Report Attachment Attachment Not Available!
Layout Plan

Not Applicable

Layout Plan Attachment Attachment Not Available!
Treatment

Selection of farms : 10 each of organic and conventional farms indulged in agricultural and horticulture based farming  will be selected.

Soil Sampling: Approx. 2.0 kg soil samples (5 random locations within each farm) will be collected twice (summer & Winter) in a year at depth (20-30 cm) to assess the vertical distribution of metabolites.  The date with time and GPS location of each collected sample will be recorded. Collected soil samples will be stored in sterile containers and keep them at low temperatures until analysis. The requisite information pertaining to sample site, crop distribution, common agricultural practices etc will aso recorded

Soil Chemical Analysis: Soil samples will be subjected to estimation of their  pH, EC2.5 and Organic Carbon content

Metabolite Extraction: (Song et al,2020)

1 g soil sample will be placed in a 5 ml Eppendorf (EP) tube, then 1 ml of methanol: H2O = 3:1 (v/v) and 1 ml of ethyl acetate will be added, and 10 μl of adonitol (0.5 mg/ml) will be used as internal standards. The samples will be homogenized, and then ultrasounded in ice water for 5 min. After that, the samples will be centrifuged at 12,000 rpm and 4°C for15 min, and the supernatants will be transferred into 5 ml EP tubes. Again, 1 ml of methanol:H2O=3:1(v/v)and1ml of ethyl acetate were added. The homogenization and centrifugation steps will be repeated, and all the supernatants will be combined and dried in a vacuum concentrator without heating. Then, 30 μl of methoxyamine hydrochloride (20 mg/ml in pyridine) was used to dissolve the samples with incubation at 80 °C for 30 min.

Treatment Attachment Attachment Not Available!
(NAU-EMP-2012-000333) SUSHEEL BRAJ MOHAN SINGH susheelsingh@nau.in 9998286581 20-01-2026
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(NAU-EMP-2011-000044) ALPESHKUMAR NAROTTAMBHAI LAD anlad@nau.in 8128699058 01/03/2025
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(NAU-EMP-2019-000537) NITIN VARSHNEY nitin.caw@nau.in 9157548912 01/03/2025
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